A unique initiative has been launched in the province of Cádiz to protect local apiaries from the rapidly spreading eastern hornet (Vespa orientalis). This aggressive species, which appeared in the region only a few years ago, has already caused serious damage to Andalusia’s beekeeping industry. Local farmers and bioprotection specialists have joined forces to halt the further spread of this dangerous insect and preserve honey production.
The project is being implemented simultaneously in several key areas: the mountainous part of Cádiz, La Janda, and the Campo de Gibraltar region. Here, experts are assessing the scale of the damage, testing various trapping methods, and actively building cooperation between government agencies and beekeepers. The main goal is to find effective and environmentally friendly solutions that do not harm other pollinators.
Recently, the eastern hornet was officially recognized in Spain as an invasive species posing a serious threat to both the region’s ecosystem and its economy. Its presence was first detected in Cádiz and Málaga in 2018, after which the insect rapidly spread to other provinces: Sevilla, Jaén, Córdoba, and partially into Huelva and Granada. The predator is known for its distinctive coloring—a reddish body with yellow stripes—and is capable of wiping out entire bee colonies, leading to a sharp drop in honey production.
As part of the program, selective traps with various baits are currently being actively tested in Cádiz. The goal is to determine which ones are most effective at capturing the Oriental hornet specifically, without affecting other insects. This approach helps minimize environmental damage and maintain ecological balance.
A threat to beekeeping and biodiversity
The Oriental hornet is already recognized as one of the main threats to Mediterranean beekeeping. Its aggressiveness and ability to rapidly conquer new territories endanger not only honey production but the very existence of many beekeeping operations. As a result, biodiversity also suffers, since bees play a vital role in pollinating agricultural crops.
The organizers of the project are convinced that only a comprehensive approach and close cooperation between farmers, scientists, and authorities can stop the spread of this pest. In the long run, this will not only protect local bees, but also strengthen the region’s food security and preserve the unique natural ecosystems of Andalucía.
