In recent years, Barcelona has faced a situation where rental costs have become almost unaffordable for most residents. The city is second only to Lisbon in this regard, which is a worrying sign for the whole country. This problem didn’t appear overnight—it has been building up for years, while the authorities have been slow to take action that could mitigate the consequences.
Over the past decade, housing costs in EU countries have risen by more than 60%. However, in Spain, this increase has been even higher—almost 72%. For comparison, in Germany prices have risen by just over 50%, while in France and Italy the increase has been much lower. These differences mean that young people in Spain are forced to stay with their parents longer, as living on their own is becoming a luxury. The average age at which young people move out has already reached almost 30 and continues to rise.
The problem is especially acute in Barcelona, where renting an apartment costs 74% of the average salary. This means that even with two incomes, many families still can’t afford decent living conditions. In a city where nearly half the population rents, a new social class is emerging—people who work, sometimes at several jobs, yet still can’t cover basic needs.
Not just housing: What else is affecting the situation
While rising rental and property prices are important factors, they’re not the only ones. In recent years, both Barcelona and Madrid have seen a noticeable decline in real incomes, especially among young people just starting their careers. Even more experienced workers are finding that their salaries can’t keep up with the increasing cost of living.
The roots of this situation go back to labor reforms in the 1980s, when the job market became less secure. As a result, unstable employment and low wages became the norm for entire generations. This not only makes access to housing more difficult but also worsens social inequality, making financial independence unattainable for many.
As a result, Barcelona has become an example of how a combination of high rents and a weak job market leads to the rise of a new group of urban residents—those who, despite having steady jobs, cannot afford even basic living standards. Solving this issue requires a comprehensive approach that addresses not only the real estate market but also labor reform and support for young professionals.
