In recent months, Spanish society has found itself in a state of anxiety due to growing global instability. According to El Pais, most citizens report an increase in conflicts and economic risks, which directly affects people’s expectations and behavior. This trend is already influencing political decisions, investment choices, and the level of trust in institutions.
A study by 40dB found that 80% of Spaniards believe the international climate is becoming increasingly tense. Seven out of ten respondents do not expect the situation to improve any time soon. They associate the future with rising violence, authoritarianism, inequality, and a worsening economic outlook. The main threats they perceive are economic recession, military conflicts, the energy crisis, and the spread of disinformation. Interestingly, climate issues, which until recently were at the center of public debate, are now taking a back seat.
Division of opinions
Despite a general sense of unity, deep divisions remain within the country on key issues. Threat assessments and ways to address them largely depend on political preferences. For example, migration is a source of concern for supporters of right-wing parties, whereas the left sees this issue as less important. At the same time, climate change primarily worries left-leaning voters. These differences also show up when identifying countries considered a threat to global peace: left-wing voters are more likely to name Israel, while those on the right point to Iran.
Differences are especially pronounced when it comes to evaluating international leaders. Vox supporters do not see Donald Trump as a serious threat, unlike most other political groups. Among Podemos voters, only a third perceive Vladimir Putin’s actions as dangerous, while in other parties this figure exceeds 60%. Even within the left, opinions vary: Sumar supporters are more likely to back military aid to Ukraine, while fewer Podemos voters share this view.
Economy and Security
Economic concerns remain in the spotlight. Spaniards worry not only about global shocks but also about internal consequences—from rising prices to job losses. According to El Pais, the crisis of confidence in economic prospects is deepening amid political divisions. Security issues are also a point of contention: support for Spain’s participation in international military missions and NATO membership divides even like-minded groups. For example, among Podemos supporters, support for leaving NATO is 35 points higher than among Sumar voters.
When society cannot reach consensus on key issues, crafting effective solutions becomes more difficult. This is also evident in the experience of other European countries, where internal disagreements hinder the development of unified strategies. As El Pais notes, a similar situation in Spain is already affecting the political agenda and elections.
Impact on society
The impact of international events on the domestic climate is being felt more acutely. Spaniards are increasingly discussing which countries and leaders pose threats and how to address new challenges. In this context, generational and regional differences become particularly apparent. Young people are more concerned about climate issues and digital security, while the older generation focuses on the economy and traditional values.
Migration and integration issues remain at the forefront of public attention. Recent changes in the structure of small municipalities, such as the appointment of a migrant leader in one village, are sparking lively debate. For example, the story of change in Madrid’s Robregordo clearly illustrates how migration affects local communities and their view of the future.
Context and trends
In recent years, Spain has faced a series of crises that have heightened public anxiety. Economic upheavals, rising energy prices, and growing political polarization have become a regular part of daily life. In 2025, for instance, the consequences of the energy crisis and its impact on small businesses were widely discussed. At the same time, several regions of the country saw increased protests against cuts to social programs and changes to labor laws. These events highlight that Spanish society continues to seek a balance between security, economic growth, and social justice, despite mounting challenges.
