Barcelona’s port has seen a surge in biodiversity following the installation of artificial reefs. More than one hundred species of marine animals and plants appeared in the area within a year, a surprisingly rapid result according to experts.
Among the new inhabitants are moray eels, seabream, flying gurnards, garfish, gilthead seabream, octopuses, scorpionfish, electric rays, as well as various types of algae, polychaetes, and sea anemones. Environmentalists note that such active colonization of the reefs demonstrates the high adaptability of the marine environment and the effectiveness of the chosen ecosystem restoration measures.
Forty years ago, this part of the coastline suffered from severe pollution caused by wastewater and silt deposits. At that time, only a few species of worms could survive here. The situation began to change after a large-scale port renovation project eliminated problematic entertainment venues, restricted car traffic, and upgraded public spaces, including the restaurant area.
As part of the environmental project, 50 artificial reefs were placed in the port waters, metal structures were installed for mollusk settlement, and breakwater stones were treated to facilitate the attachment of marine organisms. Within just a few months of the project’s launch, specialists recorded the appearance of the first colonies of fish and plants.
The reefs are located at a depth of eight to ten meters and are interconnected, allowing marine life to move freely. Now, the rocks and structures are covered with dense underwater vegetation, and the water has become noticeably cleaner. Environmentalists note that the restoration of marine life not only improves water quality but also increases carbon dioxide absorption in the coastal zone.
In the near future, three universities will begin comprehensive studies of water quality, marine species composition, seabed sediments, and the area’s acoustic characteristics. This data will help assess the long-term impact of the project on the Mediterranean ecosystem and develop new methods to protect the coast from the effects of climate change.
The port administration and city authorities believe that the successful restoration of the marine environment was made possible by the joint efforts of the municipality, the scientific community, and businesses. The project is already being called a model for other coastal cities in Spain, where similar initiatives are also planned.
