A team of Russian researchers has developed a unique device capable of extracting pure water from atmospheric moisture, even in extreme heat. The technology is based on a composite material made from microfibrillated cellulose, which is distinguished by its high strength and efficient moisture absorption. This approach enables the production of drinking water in regions where traditional water sources are limited or unavailable.
During experiments, the scientists achieved impressive results: the device can produce up to 2.5 liters of water per square meter of material per hour. This was made possible by the special structure of the composite, which combines lightness, porosity, and resistance to mechanical stress. The material not only absorbs moisture quickly but also retains it securely, preventing leaks—an especially important feature for operation in hot climates.
To increase the strength and durability, the cellulose fibers were coated with a thin layer of polystyrene. This created a hierarchical pore system capable of efficiently collecting moisture from the air. Additional treatment with ionic liquids enabled the material to absorb large volumes of water, while embedding hygroscopic salts within the structure fully solved the liquid loss problem common to other solutions.
Water harvesting technology: how it works
The system operates based on natural daily fluctuations in temperature and humidity. At night, when the air is saturated with moisture, the composite actively absorbs water. During the day, under sunlight, the material heats up and the accumulated moisture evaporates. To speed up the process, sunlight is focused onto a special light-absorbing layer, allowing the required evaporation temperature—around 60 degrees Celsius—to be reached quickly.
The resulting steam then condenses, turning into clean drinking water. This cycle can be repeated many times, with the material retaining its properties and effectiveness. Notably, the system does not require electricity or fuel, relying entirely on solar energy and natural processes.
Environmental friendliness is another important advantage of this technology. The composite is made from renewable raw materials—wood cellulose—which can be sourced from woodworking enterprises. This makes the system not only efficient but also environmentally safe, as it produces no harmful emissions during operation.
Potential for use in arid regions
The developed system could become a real lifeline for regions where access to fresh water is a pressing issue. This is especially true for Crimea, Krasnodar Krai, and Astrakhan Oblast, where the hot climate and high humidity create ideal conditions for such installations. Engineers note that the technology could be in demand not only for domestic use, but also in agriculture and for organizing autonomous water supply systems in remote settlements.
The system requires minimal maintenance and can operate fully autonomously. This is especially important for rural areas and locations without stable electricity supply. Moreover, since it does not require fuel or electricity, the installation is economically efficient and accessible to a wide range of users.
In the future, the technology could be adapted for use in other countries with similar climate conditions. Scientists are confident that their invention can change the approach to water supply for millions living in arid regions around the world.
Environmental and economic benefits
One of the main advantages of the new installation is its minimal environmental impact. The use of renewable materials and zero carbon emissions make the technology attractive from a sustainability perspective. Additionally, its simple design and readily available raw materials help reduce production costs, paving the way for large-scale adoption.
Experts point out that such solutions could play a crucial role in addressing the effects of climate change and fresh water shortages. With a growing population and increasing pressure on natural resources, innovative water supply technologies are becoming particularly important.
Over the next few years, developers plan to conduct additional tests of the installation under various climate conditions and expand production. The technology has already attracted interest from the agricultural sector and local government representatives.
By the way: Gubkin University and its contribution to science
Gubkin University (Gubkin Russian State University of Oil and Gas) is one of Russia’s leading technical institutions, specializing in training professionals for the oil and gas sector and related industries. Founded in 1930, the university is renowned for its scientific schools and innovative developments in chemistry, materials science, and energy. In recent years, the university has been actively advancing fields related to green technologies and sustainable development. Its researchers regularly publish their findings in international journals and participate in major scientific projects. Thanks to close collaboration with industrial enterprises and government agencies, Gubkin University remains at the forefront of applied research and technology implementation. Notably, it was here that a team developed a unique device for extracting water from air, further underscoring the university’s strong scientific potential.
